Internal-combustion engine



A: Yl EDWARDS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

.APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7, i918.

A. Y. EDWARDS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION msu FEB. 1918.

1,388,721. Patented May 4,1920.

3 SHEETSQSHEET 2.

@vdmab I A. Y. EDWARDS.

H ERNAL COMBUSTION ENGiNE. PPLlcATloN FILED FB.7,191i8.

Patented May 4, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- I ttoznm UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

ALBERT Y. EDWARDS, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom t mayv concern Be it knovvn that I, ALBERT Y. EDWARDS, acitizen of the United States, residin at Springfield, in the county ofClark and tate of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines,and it more particularly relates to engines of theV stationaryhorizontal type.

An object of my invention is to construct an engine of the characterreferred to in which all Working parts Will be inclosed but at the sametime readily accessible by the removal of an unencumbered cover from thecrank casing.

A further object of my invention is to reduce the cost of machining tothe minimum by providing a construction in Which it is necessary to gothrough the operation of but a single planing and setting of the enginecasting to provide a finished surface for the reception of the crankcase cover, the caps for the crank shaft bearings, and the bracketswhich support such parts as the magneto, the governor and the cam gears.

A further object of the invention is to enable the employment of anunencumbered crank case cover by providing improved valve operatingmechanism Wherebythe introduction into the crank case or the cover ofsuch parts as transverse shafts or other mechanism which Would be liableto interfere vvit'h the aforesaid object, is obviated.

`A further object of the invention is to provide an engine of thecharacter referred to Which Will be compactly arranged, simple inconstruction, economical in manufacture and effective in operation.

Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation Witha portion of the crankl case and cam gear housing partly broken away andalso the'cylinder head extension containing the gas passages and some ofthe valve operating mechanism partly broken avvay and shown in section,the section being on the line 1*-1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is an end vievv vvith the cover plate of the cylinder headextension removed.

Fig. 3 s a top plan view ofthe crank case Specification of LettersPatent.

AppIication filed February 7, 1918.

Patented May 4, 1920.

Serial No. 215,792.

and cam gear housing with the cover and operating parts removed.

Fig. 4 is a similar View showing the operating parts in positiontherein.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a portion of the valve operatingmechanism.

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the base, 2 the crank caseproper, 3 and 4 tivo horizontally arranged cylinders, 5, a Waterreservoir communicating with the Water jacket, 6, 7 a gear housing, and8 a housing for one of the crank shaft bearings, these parts being allpreferably integrally cast together, with the crank case centrallyarranged and the housings 7 and 8 arranged at each side thereof andforming respectively central and side sub-bases.

The crank case 2 is provided with a removable cover 9, the crank caseproper, as Well as the gear housing 7 being provided with a finishedsurface 2a to receive the cover, as vvell as additional surfaces 2b and2c for a purpose hereinafter explained, all of these surfaces beingmachined with but a single setting of the engine casting, and with but asingle operation of the milling machine or grinder. For the purpose ofsecuring the cover in position, the crank case casting is provided Withopenings 10 to receive the bolts 11. The crank case has bearings 12 forthe crank shaft 13, the fly- Wheel 13a being centrally located in thecasing. The bearings have their centers in the plane of the finishedsurfaces 2 and 2C, Which surfaces receive the bearing caps 14, the Wallsof the casing being Aprovided With openings 15 to receive the bolts 16which hold the caps in position. y

These planed surfaces are also utilized for the purpose of receivingbrackets which support certain of the operating parts such as themagneto, the governor, and the cam gears and cams. The magneto bracket17, supporting the magneto 18, is secured to the surface 2fL at thepoint provided With the openings 19, which receive the bolts 20. Thebracket 21 which supports the cams and gears is secured to that portionof the planed surface 2b which is provided With the openings 22 Whichreceive the bolts 23. The bracket v24 which supports a portion of thegoverning mechanism is secured to that portion of the planed surface 2awhich is provided with the opening 25 which receives the bolt 26.

From the construction described it will be seen that it is necessary tomachine but one surface to receive the crank case cover, the bearingcaps, and the various brackets which support the operating parts. Inorder that but a single plane surface may be provided for the purposestated, it becomes apparent that this surface must pass through or be inline with the centers of the crank shaft bearings and also must extendabove the horizontal plane of the cylinders, otherwise it would becomenecessary to provide vertically planed surfaces to form a proper fitbetween the cover and the crank case adjacent the cylinders, so,therefore, it will be seen that the inclination of this plane surface inthe manner shown is essential to obtain the advantages described.

The bracket 21 has a stud 28 on which is journaled a gear 29 which isdriven from the gear 30 on the crank shaft. Iotatably connected with thegear 29 are two cams 31 and 32, the cams being locked in a certainrelation to each other as well as connected to the gear by the pin 33.Cooperating with the cam 31 is a cam roller 34 on a stud 35 fixed in afinger 36 which is journaled on a stud 37 fixed in the bracket 21, thefinger having connected therewith a crank arm 38 which is pivotallyconnected to arod 39. Also cooperating with the cam 31 is a cam roller40 upon a stud 41 fixed in a finger 42 which is journaled on a stud 43also fixed in the gear bracket 21 and having connected therewith a crankarm 44 pivotally connected to the rod 45. Coperating with the cam 32 isa cam roller 46 on a stud 47 fixed in the linger 48, journaled on thestud 37 and also connected with the crank arm 38. Also coperating withthe said cam 32 is a cam roller 49 journaled on the stud 5() fixed inthe finger 51 which is also journaled on the stud 43 and connected withthe crank arm 44.

In the present construction the cam roller of each pair of cam fingersare set ninety degrees apart, the two cranks of the crank shaft arearranged 180 degrees apart, and the ratio of gearing between the crankshaft and the cam is two to one, the cams revolving one half as fast asthe crank shaft.

The conformation and disposition of the cams is such that the rod 39will be moved in one direction to open the inlet valve and in theopposite direction to open the exhaust valve of one of the cylinderswhile the rod 45 will be moved in one direction to open the inlet valveand in the opposite direction to open the exhaust valve of the othercylinder. The rod 39 is connected to an arm 52 on a sleeve 53 journaledloosely on the shaft 54 which extends transversely across the heads ofthe cylinders 3 and 4, being journaled in bearings and 56. The sleeve 53has connected therewith rocker arms 57 and 58 which carry adjustablevalve tappets 57EL and 58a which are arranged in line with the valvestems 59 and 60 of the valves of the cylinder 4. The rod 45 is connectedwith an arm 61 on a collar 62 which is connected to the shaft 54. Theshaft also has connected to its other end a collar 63 which hasintegrally formed arms 64 and 65 carrying adjustable valve tappets 64aand 65a arranged in line with the valve stems (not shown) of cylinder 3.

The shaft 54, its rocker arms and the valve tappets, as well as thebearings for the shaft, are located in a cylinder head extension 66which is connected to the main head 67 of the cylinders and has an inletpassageway 68 for the fuel communicating with a pasageway 69 in the mainhead; this head extension being closed by a cover 70.

By the construction of valve mechanism described, I am enabled toarrange the usual transverse shaft required to operate the valves ofsome of the cylinders, where a plurality of cylinders are employed, atthose ends of the cylinders opposite the'crank case, thus eliminatingthe necessity of extending suchv transverse shaft with itsaccompanyingoperating parts through the crank case, or through thecover, which arrangement would interfere with the construction describedwhereby I obtain an unencumbered cover for the crank case, or would leadto other difficulties which would make an impracticable and undesirableconstruction.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In an internal combustionengine, a one-piece base portion consisting of a central base, a sidebase member, a crank shaft supported within the central portion, gearmechanism supported within the side base portion, the central baseportion and the si de base portion being provided with finished alinedsurfaces around their exterior parts, and means on said surfaces forsupporting the parts mentioned above.

2. In an internal combustion engine, an open top crank case of aone-piece construction consisting of a central part, and a side part, acover for same, said case being provided with iinished alined surfacesaround its exterior part, and gear mechanism supported within said sideportion from one of said alined surfaces, substantially as specified.

3. In an internal combustion engine, an open top crank case of aone-piece construction consisting of a central part and a side part,both of said parts being provided with finished alined surfaces aroundthe exterior, a cover for said crank case, and gear mechanism supportedin said side part from brackets projecting from one of said alinedsurfaces, substantially as specified.

4. In an internal combustion engine, an open top crank case having acentral portion and also a side portion, both of said portions beingformed With alined surfaces, a cover for said crank case fitting uponsaid alined surfaces, and gear mechanism located Within said sideportion and supported from one of the alined surfaces of said open topcrank case, substantially as specified.

5. In an internal combustion engine, an open top crank case having acentral portion and a side portion provided With alined surfaces aboutthe open part thereof, and a cover for both of said parts fitting uponsaid alined surfaces, operating parts located Within said side portionand projecting therefrom by means of bracket supports extending from thealined surfaces of said open top case, substantially as specified.

6. In an internal combustion engine, an open top crank case having acentral inclosing portion and a side inclosing portion, a crank andfly-Wheel located Within said central portion, alined surfaces aroundthe exterior of said crank case, and means for supporting said crank andfly-Wheel upon said alined surfaces, the said side portion being capableof supporting some of the operating parts by means projecting from thealined surfaces thereof for the purpose specified.

7. In an internal combustion engine, an open top casing having a housingat one side thereof, said casing and housingj having alined uppermachined surfaces, a cover fitted to said surfaces, bearings for a crankshaft formed in the casing and cover with their transverse centers inthe plane of the finished surface of said casing, and a gearing bracketsecured to the surface of said casing adjacent said housing.

8. In an internal combustion engine, an open top crank casing having agear and bearing housing on one side thereof and a bearing housing onthe opposite side thereof, said housing and casings having alined uppersurfaces, a cover fitted to said surfaces, bearings for a crank shaftformed in the casing and cover and projecting into said housings withtheir transverse centers in the plane of the finished surface of saidcasing, and a gear bracket secured to the surface of said casingadjacent said gear housing.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day ofJanuary, 1918.

ALBERT Y. EDWARDS.

Witness:

CHAs. I. WELCH.

